THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL TRANSFORMATIONS DURING THEINDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

Abstract

The Industrial Revolution was a period of profound economic and social
transformation, marking the shift from agrarian economies to industrialized societies. This article analyzes the key economic developments, technological innovations, and social changes that occurred during the Industrial Revolution. It discusses the growth of factories, urbanization, labor dynamics, and the emergence of a middle class. Furthermore, the study explores both positive and negative consequences, including economic expansion, social mobility, labor exploitation, and environmental challenges. The findings highlight how historical industrial changes continue to influence modern economic structures and social systems.